Workplace disputes come in several forms. Some are largely employer-based, others are covered by law.

Employer-based disputes are essentially civil disputes, either between the employee and the employer, or between parties in the workplace. These are supposed to be resolved in-house, where there's no law covering the issues. Most employers have grievance resolution procedures, which are supposed to be made known to all employees. In many cases there is mediation, conflict resolution procedures, or some form of management ruling.

Where industrial law, anti discrimination law, or other breaches of law are concerned, the law takes precedence.

In some cases in-house disputes become civil cases, which are frequently related to legal issues regarding employment. Sometimes the grievance resolution process fails, and this is usually the next step.